{"id":212,"date":"2017-01-09T21:34:48","date_gmt":"2017-01-09T21:34:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nccororgms.wpengine.com\/tools-mruserguides\/?page_id=212"},"modified":"2017-01-30T17:51:35","modified_gmt":"2017-01-30T17:51:35","slug":"next-steps-in-physical-activity-environment-assessment","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.nccor.org\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/next-steps-in-physical-activity-environment-assessment\/","title":{"rendered":"9. Next Steps in Physical Activity Environment Assessment"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"pl-212\"  class=\"panel-layout\" ><div id=\"pg-212-0\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-212-0-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-212-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_text panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"0\" ><h3 class=\"widget-title\">Physical Activity Environment<\/h3>\t\t\t<div class=\"textwidget\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nccor.org\/tools-mruserguides\/wp-content\/themes\/mcuserguide\/assets\/images\/grey.gif\" data-original=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/01\/evironment.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"434\" height=\"284\" class=\"lazy aligncenter size-full\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/01\/evironment.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"434\" height=\"284\" class=\"aligncenter size-full\" \/><\/noscript>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<p>MEASURES REGISTRY USER GUIDE<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/nccororgms.wpengine.com\/tools-mruserguides\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/NCCOR_MR_User_Guide_Physical_Activity-FINAL.pdf\"><b>Download Full PDF <\/b><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nccor.org\/tools-mruserguides\/wp-content\/themes\/mcuserguide\/assets\/images\/grey.gif\" data-original=\"http:\/\/nccororgms.wpengine.com\/tools-mruserguides\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2016\/11\/pdf.jpg\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"19\" height=\"20\" class=\"lazy aligncenter wp-image-75\" style=\"display: inline-block;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nccororgms.wpengine.com\/tools-mruserguides\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2016\/11\/pdf.jpg\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"19\" height=\"20\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-75\" style=\"display: inline-block;\" \/><\/noscript><\/a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wpcmsdev-accordion\">\r\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><h3 class=\"accordion-item-title\"><a href=\"#accordion-item-1-introduction\"><i class=\"fa fa-plus icon-for-inactive\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-minus icon-for-active\"><\/i>1. Introduction<\/a><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-item-1-introduction\" class=\"accordion-item-content\"><p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/introduction\/#overview\">Overview of the Physical Activity Environment Measures Registry User Guide<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/introduction\/#organization\">Organization of this User Guide<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><h3 class=\"accordion-item-title\"><a href=\"#accordion-item-2-assessing-and-defining-physical-activity-environments\"><i class=\"fa fa-plus icon-for-inactive\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-minus icon-for-active\"><\/i>2. Assessing and Defining Physical Activity Environments<\/a><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-item-2-assessing-and-defining-physical-activity-environments\" class=\"accordion-item-content\"><p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/assessing-and-defining-physical-activity-environments\/#why\">Why Study the Physical Activity Environment?<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/assessing-and-defining-physical-activity-environments\/#physical\">Physical Activity Can Be Supported in Diverse Environments<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/assessing-and-defining-physical-activity-environments\/#evidence\">Evidence on Environments and Physical Activity<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/assessing-and-defining-physical-activity-environments\/#multiple\">Multiple Users Have Multiple Uses for Physical Activity Environment Measures<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><h3 class=\"accordion-item-title\"><a href=\"#accordion-item-3-key-concepts-in-physical-activity-environment-assessment\"><i class=\"fa fa-plus icon-for-inactive\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-minus icon-for-active\"><\/i>3. Key Concepts in Physical Activity Environment Assessment<\/a><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-item-3-key-concepts-in-physical-activity-environment-assessment\" class=\"accordion-item-content\"><p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/key-concepts-in-physical-activity-environment-assessment\/#levels\">Levels of Built Environment Attributes<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/key-concepts-in-physical-activity-environment-assessment\/#methods\">Methods of Environmental Assessment<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/key-concepts-in-physical-activity-environment-assessment\/#proximity\">Proximity, Accessibility, and Quality of Environmental Attributes<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/key-concepts-in-physical-activity-environment-assessment\/#measurements\">Measurements Using Specific Environments and Physical Activity in Specific Environments<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/key-concepts-in-physical-activity-environment-assessment\/#considerations\">Considerations for Youth<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><h3 class=\"accordion-item-title\"><a href=\"#accordion-item-4-evaluating-existing-measures\"><i class=\"fa fa-plus icon-for-inactive\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-minus icon-for-active\"><\/i>4. Evaluating Existing Measures<\/a><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-item-4-evaluating-existing-measures\" class=\"accordion-item-content\"><p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/evaluating-existing-measures\/#reliability\">Reliability and Validity<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/evaluating-existing-measures\/#single\">Single Items, Scales, and Indices<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/evaluating-existing-measures\/#other\">Other Measurement Issues<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><h3 class=\"accordion-item-title\"><a href=\"#accordion-item-5-examples-of-measures-with-reliability-and-or-validity-evidence\"><i class=\"fa fa-plus icon-for-inactive\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-minus icon-for-active\"><\/i>5. Examples of Measures with Reliability and\/or Validity Evidence<\/a><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-item-5-examples-of-measures-with-reliability-and-or-validity-evidence\" class=\"accordion-item-content\"><p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/examples-of-measures-with-reliability-andor-validity-evidence\/#gis\">GIS-based Measures<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/examples-of-measures-with-reliability-andor-validity-evidence\/#observational\">Observational Measures<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/examples-of-measures-with-reliability-andor-validity-evidence\/#questionnaires\">Questionnaires<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/examples-of-measures-with-reliability-andor-validity-evidence\/#assessing\">Assessing Use Of Specific Environments And Physical Activity In Specific Environments<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/examples-of-measures-with-reliability-andor-validity-evidence\/#gaps\">Gaps and Limitations of Existing Measures<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><h3 class=\"accordion-item-title\"><a href=\"#accordion-item-6-selecting-measures\"><i class=\"fa fa-plus icon-for-inactive\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-minus icon-for-active\"><\/i>6. Selecting Measures<\/a><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-item-6-selecting-measures\" class=\"accordion-item-content\"><p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/selecting-measures\/#defining\">Defining Project Purpose<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/selecting-measures\/#considerations\">Considerations in Selecting Measures<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/selecting-measures\/#reliability\">Reliability and Validity<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/selecting-measures\/#suggested\">Suggested Process for Using the Measures Registry<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><h3 class=\"accordion-item-title\"><a href=\"#accordion-item-7-collecting-and-reporting-data\"><i class=\"fa fa-plus icon-for-inactive\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-minus icon-for-active\"><\/i>7. Collecting and Reporting Data<\/a><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-item-7-collecting-and-reporting-data\" class=\"accordion-item-content\"><p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/collecting-and-reporting-data\/#gis\">GIS-based Measurement Considerations<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/collecting-and-reporting-data\/#observation\">Observation Measurement Considerations<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/collecting-and-reporting-data\/#statistical\">Statistical Considerations<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><h3 class=\"accordion-item-title\"><a href=\"#accordion-item-8-case-studies-of-selecting-measures\"><i class=\"fa fa-plus icon-for-inactive\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-minus icon-for-active\"><\/i>8. Case Studies of Selecting Measures<\/a><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-item-8-case-studies-of-selecting-measures\" class=\"accordion-item-content\"><p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/case-studies-of-selecting-measures\/#case1\">Case Study 1: Improving Streetscapes and Parks Around Schools<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/case-studies-of-selecting-measures\/#case2\">Case Study 2: Investigating How Multiple Key Environments Explain Children\u2019s Physical Activity<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/case-studies-of-selecting-measures\/#case3\">Case Study 3: Evaluating Changes Resulting from Streetscape Neighborhood Renovation Projects<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><h3 class=\"accordion-item-title\"><a href=\"#accordion-item-9-next-steps-in-physical-activity-environment-assessment\"><i class=\"fa fa-plus icon-for-inactive\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-minus icon-for-active\"><\/i>9. Next Steps in Physical Activity Environment Assessment<\/a><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-item-9-next-steps-in-physical-activity-environment-assessment\" class=\"accordion-item-content\"><p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/next-steps-in-physical-activity-environment-assessment\/\">Next Steps in Physical Activity Environment Assessment<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><h3 class=\"accordion-item-title\"><a href=\"#accordion-item-10-conclusion\"><i class=\"fa fa-plus icon-for-inactive\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-minus icon-for-active\"><\/i>10. Conclusion<\/a><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-item-10-conclusion\" class=\"accordion-item-content\"><p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/conclusion\/\">Conclusion<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><h3 class=\"accordion-item-title\"><a href=\"#accordion-item-11-additional-resources-on-physical-activity-environment-measurement\"><i class=\"fa fa-plus icon-for-inactive\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-minus icon-for-active\"><\/i>11. Additional Resources on Physical Activity Environment Measurement<\/a><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-item-11-additional-resources-on-physical-activity-environment-measurement\" class=\"accordion-item-content\"><p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/additional-resources\/\">Additional Resources on Physical Activity Environment Measurement<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"accordion-item\"><h3 class=\"accordion-item-title\"><a href=\"#accordion-item-references\"><i class=\"fa fa-plus icon-for-inactive\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-minus icon-for-active\"><\/i>References<\/a><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-item-references\" class=\"accordion-item-content\"><p><b><a href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/references\/\">References<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-212-0-1\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-212-0-1-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_text panel-first-child\" data-index=\"1\" ><div class=\"print-this panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-212-0-1-0\" >\t\t\t<div class=\"textwidget\"><div class='printomatic pom-small ' id='id8689'  data-print_target='.print-this'><\/div>\n<div class=\"wpcmsdev-columns\">\n<div class=\"column column-width-one-fifth\"><div class=\"wpcmsdev-box\">\n<h3 class=\"box-title\">SECTION<\/h3>\n<div class=\"box-content\">\n<h1>9<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"column column-width-four-fifths\"><h1>Next Steps in Physical Activity Environment Assessment<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>The field of physical activity environment measurement has three areas needing continued development: (1) creating new instruments to fill gaps; (2) improving evidence about existing measures; (3) supporting both researchers and practitioners to expand use of physical activity environment measures; and (4) continued efforts to promote use of common measures where possible.<\/p>\n\n<p>Though several validated measures are available to choose from in most settings, some clear gaps remain. The bigger need identified by an expert working group<sup>148<\/sup> is for validated measures that are short enough to be feasible for use by practitioners. Interventions to improve physical activity environments are recommended by international<sup>6,149<\/sup> and national authoritative organizations,<sup>2,7<\/sup> and measures should be used to determine intervention needs and evaluate outcomes. Few brief, validated measures are available, but examples include MAPS-Mini for streetscapes, PARA for parks, and PANES for perceived neighborhood walkability.<sup>73,85,91<\/sup><\/p>\n\n<p>Some measures in the Measures Registry, particularly audit measures, have evidence of reliability, but evidence is still needed on whether the constructs are consistently associated with physical activity (i.e., construct validity). For measures with evidence of validity in one population subgroup, it would be useful to expand evidence by studying other age groups, income groups, and specific race and ethnicity subgroups to evaluate generalizability of effects. An important consideration is whether measures are sensitive to change, but very few have been evaluated for this ability. An important improvement for GIS measures is to document the procedures used to create variables, so the variables become more comparable. Some guides help with standardization of procedure,<sup>67,128<\/sup> but they depend on comparable, accurate, recent data being available. Thus, improvement in the quality and availability of physical activity-relevant data in GIS is a high priority. This will require collaboration with diverse government agencies such as transportation, city planning, and taxation, though crowd-sourcing of data is a possibility.<\/p>\n\n<p>Continuing barriers to the use of physical activity environment measures are the burden and cost of data collection, complexity of data management, lack of clarity in scoring and interpreting results, and need for adapting measures. The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.med.upenn.edu\/beat\/\" target=\"_blank\">Built Environment Assessment Training (BEAT)<\/a> Think Tank has recommended several strategies for advancing the use environmental measures.<sup>148<\/sup><\/p>\n\n<p>\n<ul>\n<li>Develop simplified but validated measures to encourage more use by researchers and practitioners.<\/li>\n<li>Develop technological tools to simplify data collection, data management, scoring, and analysis.<\/li>\n<li>Improve scoring systems, with freely available syntax or software.<\/li>\n<li>Create guidelines for adaptation of existing measures and online access to various versions.<\/li>\n<li>Provide online training for data collection, data management, and interpretation of results.<\/li>\n<li>Encourage professional organizations to support the use of validated environmental measures and help the field develop consensus about definitions of constructs, preferred methods, and scoring.<\/li>\n<li>Incorporate training in environmental assessment in university courses in multiple departments.<\/li>\n<li>Use social media to support use and interpretation of environmental measures.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-212-0-1-1\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_text panel-last-child\" data-index=\"2\" >\t\t\t<div class=\"textwidget\"><div class=\"wpcmsdev-columns\">\n<div class=\"column column-width-one-half\"><p><a class=\"wpcmsdev-button color-violet\" href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/case-studies-of-selecting-measures\/\"><span>Previous<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"column column-width-one-half\"><p style=\"text-align:right;\"><a class=\"wpcmsdev-button color-violet\" href=\"\/tools-mruserguides\/physical-activity-environment\/conclusion\/\"><span>Next<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The field of physical activity environment measurement has three areas needing continued development: (1) creating new instruments to fill gaps; (2) improving evidence about existing measures; (3) supporting both researchers and practitioners to expand use of physical activity environment measures; and (4) continued efforts to promote use of common measures where possible. Though several validated [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":167,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-212","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nccor.org\/tools-mruserguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/212","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nccor.org\/tools-mruserguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nccor.org\/tools-mruserguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nccor.org\/tools-mruserguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nccor.org\/tools-mruserguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=212"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nccor.org\/tools-mruserguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/212\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nccor.org\/tools-mruserguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nccor.org\/tools-mruserguides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=212"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}