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  • 2000 CDC Growth Charts for the United States: Methods and Development details the development of the 2000 CDC growth charts. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_11/sr11_246.pdf
  • American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists: Clinical Practice Guidelines offers guidelines for prevention and treatment of metabolic and endocrine diseases and care of patients with obesity. https://www.aace.com/disease-state-resources/nutrition-and-obesity
  • American Body Composition Calculator (ABCC) provides estimates of one’s percentage of body fat. The Calculator uses demographic and anthropometric measures, with or without bioelectrial impedance (BIA). https://sph.unc.edu/nutr/american-body-composition-calculator-for-researchers/
  • The Anthropometric Standardization Reference Manual details several anthropometric measurement procedures and also addresses special issues such as reliability and accuracy (Book for purchase).
  • Assessment of Child and Adolescent Overweight and Obesity, a Pediatrics supplement article, highlights approaches to childhood overweight and obesity assessment and shares the evidence available to support key aspects of assessment. https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/120/Supplement_4/S193
  • Automated Identification of Implausible Values in Growth Data from Pediatric Electronic Health Records describes the development of an automated method for identifying implausible values in pediatric EHR growth data. https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article/24/6/1080/3767271
  • The BMI Percentile Calculator for Child and Teen calculates BMI and the corresponding BMI-for-age and sex based on the CDC growth charts for ages 2 through 19. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/bmi/calculator.html
  • Body Mass Index (BMI) Measurement in Schools offers information on the types of BMI measurement programs and what to have in place before launching a BMI measurement program. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/obesity/bmi/bmi_measurement_schools.htm
  • Bright Futures: Guidelines for Health Supervision of Infants, Children, and Adolescents, 4th ed. Promoting Healthy Weight is a chapter that provides an overview of body mass index and defines overweight and obesity in several special populations. https://brightfutures.aap.org/Bright%20Futures%20Documents/BF4_HealthyWeight.pdf
  • CDC Growth Charts represent revisions to the 14 previous charts, as well as the introduction of two new body mass index-for-age (BMI-for-age) charts for boys and for girls, ages 2 to 20 years. They consist of a series of percentile curves that illustrate the distribution of selected body measurements in U.S. children. https://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/cdc_charts.htm
  • Clinical Practice Guideline for Multicomponent Behavioral Treatment of Obesity and Overweight in Children and Adolescents: Current State of the Evidence and Research Needs from the Guideline Development Panel for Obesity Treatment of the American Psychological Association provides treatment recommendations regarding the use of family-based multicomponent behavioral interventions for overweight and obesity in children and adolescents based on a systematic review of the evidence. https://www.apa.org/about/offices/directorates/guidelines/obesity-clinical-practice-guideline.pdf
  • Diagnostic Performance of Body Mass Index to Identify Obesity as Defined by Body Adiposity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis assesses the ability of BMI to detect adiposity in children up to 18 years. It concludes BMI has high specificity but low sensitivity to detect excess adiposity. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24961794
  • Growth Charts is a CDC webpage that provides guidance to health care providers on when to use the WHO growth standards or the CDC growth charts. https://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/
  • Pediatric Obesity—Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline offers clinical practice guidelines for the assessment, treatment, and prevention of pediatric obesity. https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article/102/3/709/2965084
  • Fat and Lean BMI Reference Curves in Children and Adolescents and Their Utility in Identifying Excess Adiposity Compared with BMI and Percentage Body Fat provides pediatric reference curves for fat mass index (FMI) and lean body mass index (LBMI) and evaluates the effects of population ancestry and lean body mass on measures of excess adiposity. It concludes the use of FMI and LBMI improves on the use of percent body fat and BMI by allowing for the independent assessment of fat mass and lean body mass. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3683820/
  • The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), Anthropometry Procedures Manual details how body measures are conducted for the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhanes/2015-2016/manuals/2016_Anthropometry_Procedures_Manual.pdf
  • The NCCOR Catalogue of Surveillance Systems provides easy to navigate, one-stop access to over 100 publicly available datasets relevant to childhood obesity research and evaluation. It can be used to identify and compare surveillance systems that include weight-related outcomes. https://www.nccor.org/nccor-tools/catalogue/
  • Recommendations for Data Collection, Analysis, and Reporting on Anthropometric Indicators in Children Under 5 Years Old provides guidance to technical staff experienced in conducting surveys to collect anthropometric data. It proposes a set of recommendations to enhance quality reporting for the global nutrition targets and the Sustainable Development Goal target 2.2. https://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/anthropometry-data-quality-report/en/
  • Relation of BMI to Fat and Fat-free Mass Among Children and Adolescents is a peer-reviewed paper that examines the relation of BMI to levels of fat mass and fat-free mass among healthy 5- to 18-year-olds. It concludes that although a high BMI-for-age is a good indicator of excess fat mass, BMI differences among thinner children can be largely due to fat-free mass. https://www.nature.com/articles/0802735
  • Report of the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity shares a set of recommendations to successfully tackle childhood and adolescent obesity in different contexts around the world. https://www.who.int/end-childhood-obesity/publications/echo-report/en/
  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Screening for Obesity in Children and Adolescents: Recommendation Statement offers an obesity screening recommendation along with a rationale and considerations for the recommendation. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2632511
  • The WHO Child Growth Standards provide an international standard of growth for infants and young children aged 0 to 59 months and are comprised of data from a sample of infants measured longitudinally starting at birth during the years 1997 to 2003. https://www.who.int/childgrowth/en/
  • WHO Growth Standards Are Recommended for Use in the U.S. for Infants and Children 0 to 2 Years of Age provides recommendations to health care providers on when to use which growth charts. https://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/who_charts.htm
  • WHO Child Growth Standards Based on Length/Height, Weight, and Age describes the methods used to develop the WHO Child Growth Standards based on length/height, weight and age, and to present resulting growth charts. https://www.who.int/childgrowth/standards/Growth_standard.pdf?ua=1
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